パイプラインとは、3DCGの基本的な描画処理をひとつながりにまとめたものです。
ほぼ全ての3DCGは三角形の集まりであり、私たちが最初に持っているものは三角形の各点の色や座標ですが、最終的に欲しいものは画面のどのピクセルがどんな色なのかという情報です。この間を繋ぐ演算処理は大体お決まりのパターンになっており、まとめてグラフィックスパイプラインとなっています。
(画像はvulkan tutorialより引用)
そしてもちろんこの処理は全ての部分が決まっているのではなく、プログラマ側で色々指定する部分があり、それらの情報をまとめたものがパイプラインオブジェクト( vk::Pipeline)です。
実際に使用して描画処理を行う際にはコマンドバッファにパイプラインをバインドし、ドローコールを呼びます。(これは以降の節でやります)
Vulkanにおけるパイプラインには「グラフィックスパイプライン」と「コンピュートパイプライン」の2種類があります。コンピュートパイプラインはGPGPUなどに使うもので、今回は普通に描画が目的なのでグラフィックスパイプラインを作成します。グラフィックスパイプラインは vk::Deviceの createGraphicsPipelineメソッドで作成できます。
先に言っておくと、吐くほど長いです。
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 |
vk::Viewport viewports[1]; viewports[0].x = 0.0; viewports[0].y = 0.0; viewports[0].minDepth = 0.0; viewports[0].maxDepth = 1.0; viewports[0].width = screenWidth; viewports[0].height = screenHeight; vk::Rect2D scissors[1]; scissors[0].offset = { 0, 0 }; scissors[0].extent = { screenWidth, screenHeight }; vk::PipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState; viewportState.viewportCount = 1; viewportState.pViewports = viewports; viewportState.scissorCount = 1; viewportState.pScissors = scissors; vk::PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vertexInputInfo; vertexInputInfo.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 0; vertexInputInfo.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = nullptr; vertexInputInfo.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 0; vertexInputInfo.pVertexBindingDescriptions = nullptr; vk::PipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssembly; inputAssembly.topology = vk::PrimitiveTopology::eTriangleList; inputAssembly.primitiveRestartEnable = false; vk::PipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizer; rasterizer.depthClampEnable = false; rasterizer.rasterizerDiscardEnable = false; rasterizer.polygonMode = vk::PolygonMode::eFill; rasterizer.lineWidth = 1.0f; rasterizer.cullMode = vk::CullModeFlagBits::eBack; rasterizer.frontFace = vk::FrontFace::eClockwise; rasterizer.depthBiasEnable = false; vk::PipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisample; multisample.sampleShadingEnable = false; multisample.rasterizationSamples = vk::SampleCountFlagBits::e1; vk::PipelineColorBlendAttachmentState blendattachment[1]; blendattachment[0].colorWriteMask = vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eA | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eR | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eG | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eB; blendattachment[0].blendEnable = false; vk::PipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo blend; blend.logicOpEnable = false; blend.attachmentCount = 1; blend.pAttachments = blendattachment; vk::PipelineLayoutCreateInfo layoutCreateInfo; layoutCreateInfo.setLayoutCount = 0; layoutCreateInfo.pSetLayouts = nullptr; vk::UniquePipelineLayout pipelineLayout = device->createPipelineLayoutUnique(layoutCreateInfo); vk::GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineCreateInfo; pipelineCreateInfo.pViewportState = &viewportState; pipelineCreateInfo.pVertexInputState = &vertexInputInfo; pipelineCreateInfo.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssembly; pipelineCreateInfo.pRasterizationState = &rasterizer; pipelineCreateInfo.pMultisampleState = &multisample; pipelineCreateInfo.pColorBlendState = &blend; pipelineCreateInfo.layout = pipelineLayout.get(); pipelineCreateInfo.stageCount = 0; pipelineCreateInfo.pStages = nullptr; pipelineCreateInfo.renderPass = renderpass.get(); pipelineCreateInfo.subpass = 0; vk::UniquePipeline pipeline = device->createGraphicsPipelineUnique(nullptr, pipelineCreateInfo); |
長いので各変数に関する詳細な解説はおいおいやっていくと思います。
そしてこの中の変数の大半は変える必要があまりなく、やりたいことの必要に応じて意味を学んでいけば十分だとも思います。
とは言っても意味の分からない変数が大量に並んでいるのはあまりにも不気味だと思うので、それぞれの数値を変えて遊びながらちゃんと意味を学ぶオマケの節をいずれ書きます。
この節ではパイプラインの作成をやりました。次節ではシェーダモジュールの作成をやります。
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 |
// 環境に合わせて #define VK_USE_PLATFORM_WIN32_KHR #define VULKAN_HPP_TYPESAFE_CONVERSION #include <vulkan/vulkan.hpp> #include <iostream> #include <vector> const uint32_t screenWidth = 640; const uint32_t screenHeight = 480; int main() { vk::InstanceCreateInfo createInfo; vk::UniqueInstance instance; instance = vk::createInstanceUnique(createInfo); std::vector<vk::PhysicalDevice> physicalDevices = instance->enumeratePhysicalDevices(); vk::PhysicalDevice physicalDevice; bool existsSuitablePhysicalDevice = false; uint32_t graphicsQueueFamilyIndex; for (size_t i = 0; i < physicalDevices.size(); i++) { std::vector<vk::QueueFamilyProperties> queueProps = physicalDevices[i].getQueueFamilyProperties(); bool existsGraphicsQueue = false; for (size_t j = 0; j < queueProps.size(); i++) { if (queueProps[j].queueFlags & vk::QueueFlagBits::eGraphics) { existsGraphicsQueue = true; graphicsQueueFamilyIndex = j; break; } } if (existsGraphicsQueue) { physicalDevice = physicalDevices[i]; existsSuitablePhysicalDevice = true; break; } } if (!existsSuitablePhysicalDevice) { std::cerr << "使用可能な物理デバイスがありません。" << std::endl; return -1; } vk::DeviceCreateInfo devCreateInfo; vk::DeviceQueueCreateInfo queueCreateInfo[1]; queueCreateInfo[0].queueFamilyIndex = graphicsQueueFamilyIndex; queueCreateInfo[0].queueCount = 1; float queuePriorities[1] = { 1.0 }; queueCreateInfo[0].pQueuePriorities = queuePriorities; devCreateInfo.pQueueCreateInfos = queueCreateInfo; devCreateInfo.queueCreateInfoCount = 1; vk::UniqueDevice device = physicalDevice.createDeviceUnique(devCreateInfo); vk::Queue graphicsQueue = device->getQueue(graphicsQueueFamilyIndex, 0); vk::CommandPoolCreateInfo cmdPoolCreateInfo; cmdPoolCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndex = graphicsQueueFamilyIndex; vk::UniqueCommandPool cmdPool = device->createCommandPoolUnique(cmdPoolCreateInfo); vk::CommandBufferAllocateInfo cmdBufAllocInfo; cmdBufAllocInfo.commandPool = cmdPool.get(); cmdBufAllocInfo.commandBufferCount = 1; cmdBufAllocInfo.level = vk::CommandBufferLevel::ePrimary; std::vector<vk::UniqueCommandBuffer> cmdBufs = device->allocateCommandBuffersUnique(cmdBufAllocInfo); vk::ImageCreateInfo imgCreateInfo; imgCreateInfo.imageType = vk::ImageType::e2D; imgCreateInfo.extent = vk::Extent3D(screenWidth, screenHeight, 1); imgCreateInfo.mipLevels = 1; imgCreateInfo.arrayLayers = 1; imgCreateInfo.format = vk::Format::eR8G8B8A8Unorm; imgCreateInfo.tiling = vk::ImageTiling::eLinear; imgCreateInfo.initialLayout = vk::ImageLayout::eUndefined; imgCreateInfo.usage = vk::ImageUsageFlagBits::eColorAttachment; imgCreateInfo.sharingMode = vk::SharingMode::eExclusive; imgCreateInfo.samples = vk::SampleCountFlagBits::e1; vk::UniqueImage image = device->createImageUnique(imgCreateInfo); vk::PhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memProps = physicalDevice.getMemoryProperties(); vk::MemoryRequirements imgMemReq = device->getImageMemoryRequirements(image.get()); vk::MemoryAllocateInfo imgMemAllocInfo; imgMemAllocInfo.allocationSize = imgMemReq.size; bool suitableMemoryTypeFound = false; for (size_t i = 0; i < memProps.memoryTypeCount; i++) { if (imgMemReq.memoryTypeBits & (1 << i)) { imgMemAllocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = i; suitableMemoryTypeFound = true; break; } } if (!suitableMemoryTypeFound) { std::cerr << "使用可能なメモリタイプがありません。" << std::endl; return -1; } vk::UniqueDeviceMemory imgMem = device->allocateMemoryUnique(imgMemAllocInfo); device->bindImageMemory(image.get(), imgMem.get(), 0); vk::AttachmentDescription attachments[1]; attachments[0].format = vk::Format::eR8G8B8A8Unorm; attachments[0].samples = vk::SampleCountFlagBits::e1; attachments[0].loadOp = vk::AttachmentLoadOp::eDontCare; attachments[0].storeOp = vk::AttachmentStoreOp::eStore; attachments[0].stencilLoadOp = vk::AttachmentLoadOp::eDontCare; attachments[0].stencilStoreOp = vk::AttachmentStoreOp::eDontCare; attachments[0].initialLayout = vk::ImageLayout::eUndefined; attachments[0].finalLayout = vk::ImageLayout::eGeneral; vk::AttachmentReference subpass0_attachmentRefs[1]; subpass0_attachmentRefs[0].attachment = 0; subpass0_attachmentRefs[0].layout = vk::ImageLayout::eColorAttachmentOptimal; vk::SubpassDescription subpasses[1]; subpasses[0].pipelineBindPoint = vk::PipelineBindPoint::eGraphics; subpasses[0].colorAttachmentCount = 1; subpasses[0].pColorAttachments = subpass0_attachmentRefs; vk::RenderPassCreateInfo renderpassCreateInfo; renderpassCreateInfo.attachmentCount = 1; renderpassCreateInfo.pAttachments = attachments; renderpassCreateInfo.subpassCount = 1; renderpassCreateInfo.pSubpasses = subpasses; renderpassCreateInfo.dependencyCount = 0; renderpassCreateInfo.pDependencies = nullptr; vk::UniqueRenderPass renderpass = device->createRenderPassUnique(renderpassCreateInfo); vk::Viewport viewports[1]; viewports[0].x = 0.0; viewports[0].y = 0.0; viewports[0].minDepth = 0.0; viewports[0].maxDepth = 1.0; viewports[0].width = screenWidth; viewports[0].height = screenHeight; vk::Rect2D scissors[1]; scissors[0].offset = { 0, 0 }; scissors[0].extent = { screenWidth, screenHeight }; vk::PipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState; viewportState.viewportCount = 1; viewportState.pViewports = viewports; viewportState.scissorCount = 1; viewportState.pScissors = scissors; vk::PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vertexInputInfo; vertexInputInfo.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 0; vertexInputInfo.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = nullptr; vertexInputInfo.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 0; vertexInputInfo.pVertexBindingDescriptions = nullptr; vk::PipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssembly; inputAssembly.topology = vk::PrimitiveTopology::eTriangleList; inputAssembly.primitiveRestartEnable = false; vk::PipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizer; rasterizer.depthClampEnable = false; rasterizer.rasterizerDiscardEnable = false; rasterizer.polygonMode = vk::PolygonMode::eFill; rasterizer.lineWidth = 1.0f; rasterizer.cullMode = vk::CullModeFlagBits::eBack; rasterizer.frontFace = vk::FrontFace::eClockwise; rasterizer.depthBiasEnable = false; vk::PipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisample; multisample.sampleShadingEnable = false; multisample.rasterizationSamples = vk::SampleCountFlagBits::e1; vk::PipelineColorBlendAttachmentState blendattachment[1]; blendattachment[0].colorWriteMask = vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eA | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eR | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eG | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eB; blendattachment[0].blendEnable = false; vk::PipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo blend; blend.logicOpEnable = false; blend.attachmentCount = 1; blend.pAttachments = blendattachment; vk::PipelineLayoutCreateInfo layoutCreateInfo; layoutCreateInfo.setLayoutCount = 0; layoutCreateInfo.pSetLayouts = nullptr; vk::UniquePipelineLayout pipelineLayout = device->createPipelineLayoutUnique(layoutCreateInfo); vk::GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineCreateInfo; pipelineCreateInfo.pViewportState = &viewportState; pipelineCreateInfo.pVertexInputState = &vertexInputInfo; pipelineCreateInfo.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssembly; pipelineCreateInfo.pRasterizationState = &rasterizer; pipelineCreateInfo.pMultisampleState = &multisample; pipelineCreateInfo.pColorBlendState = &blend; pipelineCreateInfo.layout = pipelineLayout.get(); pipelineCreateInfo.renderPass = renderpass.get(); pipelineCreateInfo.subpass = 0; pipelineCreateInfo.stageCount = 0; pipelineCreateInfo.pStages = nullptr; vk::UniquePipeline pipeline = device->createGraphicsPipeline(nullptr, pipelineCreateInfo); vk::CommandBufferBeginInfo cmdBeginInfo; cmdBufs[0]->begin(cmdBeginInfo); // コマンドを記録 cmdBufs[0]->end(); vk::CommandBuffer submitCmdBuf[1] = { cmdBufs[0].get() }; vk::SubmitInfo submitInfo; submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1; submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = submitCmdBuf; graphicsQueue.submit({ submitInfo }, nullptr); return 0; } |